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英语专业论文提纲范文 第1篇

题目:萨克雷与帝国的扩张--”对位法“阅读《名利场》

内容提要

一、萨克雷生平及创作情况

二、《名利场》情节简述

三、《名利场》研究综述

四、”对位阅读法“理论阐述

第一章 英国小说的殖民叙事传统与《名利场》

一、英国小说的殖民叙事传统

二、英帝国的殖民背景与《名利场》

三、小结

第二章 小说与帝_利的.共谋

一、《名利场》对宗主国和殖民地的描述

二、帝国对《名利场》的影响

三、小结

第三章 宗主国的凸显与殖民地的边缘化

一、重叠的空间

二、缺场的人们

三、小结

英语专业论文提纲范文 第2篇

Abstract: As we know, Hanfeizi is the most representative figure of the legist school. His ideas are best described in his book “Hanfeizi ”,in which he strongly advocated the importance of “law”, “means”, “force ” for an emperor to control his country. About one thousand years later, in Italy there was an politician named Machiavelli. In his famous book called “The Prince”, he adopted the same attitude with Hanfeizi towards how an emperor should rule his country. In this paper, the author tries to explore some similarities and some dissimilarities between the two great thinkers from the aspect of their background, their attitudes towards the nature and relationship of human beings and so on.

I Similarities in their backgrounds

Hanfeizi (280BC_233BC) was born in the Spring and Autumn Period in Han state. At that time Han state was the most weakest state of the seven states. Hanfeizi ,who was much influenced by his teacher Xunzi and the Taoism, saw the political corruption in his country and put forward much useful advice to carry out reform.. Unfortunately the emperor of Han would not like to adopt his ideas and let his country wither away. However the emperor of Qinshihuang admired the talent of Hanfeizi and wanted to give him a position in Qin state. Although Qinshihuang finally killed Hanfeizi owing to listening to the unfaithful advice of Lisi., he ruled his country on the principles advocated by Hanfeizi. Until that time did the divived situation come to an end and the united central right come out.

Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy at a time when the country was in political upheaval . Italy was divided between four dominant city-states, and each of these was continually at the mercy of the stronger foreign governments of Europe. Since 1434 Florence was ruled by the wealthy Medici family. Their rule was temporarily interrupted by a reform movement, begun in 1494, in which the young Machiavelli became an important diplomat. When the Medici family regained power in 1512 with the help of Spanish troops, Machiavelli was tortured and removed from public life. For the next 10 years he devoted himself to writing history, political philosophy, and even plays. He ultimately gained favor with the Medici family and was called back to public duty for the last two years of his life. Machiavelli's greatest work is The Prince, written in 1513 and published after his death in 1532.

The work immediately provoked controversy and was soon condemned by Pope Clement VIII. Its main theme is that princes should retain absolute control of their territories, and they should use any means of expediency to accomplish this end, including deceit. Scholars struggle over interpreting Machiavelli's precise point. In several section Machiavelli praises Caesar Borgia, a Spanish aristocrat who became a notorious and much despised tyrant of the Romagna region of northern Italy. During Machiavelli's early years as a diplomat, he was in contact with Borgia and witnessed Borgia's rule first hand. Does Machiavelli hold up Borgia as the model prince? Some readers initially saw The Prince as asatire on absolute rulers such as Borgia, which showed the repugnance of arbitrary power (thereby implying the importance of liberty). However, this theory fell apart when, in 1810, a letter by Machiavelli was discovered in which he reveals that he wrote The Prince to endear himself to the ruling Medici family in Florence. To liberate Italy from the influence of foreign governments, Machiavelli explains that strong indigenous governments are important, even if they are absolutist.

II Similarities in their attitudes reflected in their works

force

From the experience Machiavelli learned that weak countries had no diplomatic relationship with other counties. In his work he put forward that the weakest thing in the world was the power that was exaggerated. He tried to persuade the emperor to make a strong army, which would become the solid foundation of any course. While Hanfeizi held the same opinion with Machiavelli, he said that the most important task for an emperor was to develop his country in many ways such as increasing the production of agriculture, establish clear encouragement and punishment laws, have a forceful army under his control.

2. On humans nature and their relationship

Though humanists of Machiavelli's time believed that an individual had much to offer to the well being of the state, Machiavelli was quick to mock human nature. Humanists believed that _An individual only grows to maturity- both intellectually and morally- through participation' in the life of the state._

Machiavelli generally distrusted citizens, stating that _...in time of adversity, when the state is in need of it's citizens there are few to be found.” Machiavelli further went on to question the loyalty of the citizens and advised the Prince that _...because men a wretched creatures who would not keep their word to you, you need keep your word to them._

The same to Hanfeizi. Under the influence of his teacher Xunzi, Hanfeizi adhered to the principle that human nature was bad. And his developed his ideas to the enumerated kingdom which he thought was the heaven of the earth. He believed that human beings were driven by the greed for profit. We can see some trace in his famous saying: strict mother has kind children, while kind mother has brute children.

Both of them believed that the relationship among human beings was a kind of naked interest_oriented relationship. They make use of each other, not believe in others, and would try every means to reach ones aims.

the image of emperor.

In The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli presents a view of governing : state that is drastically different from that of humanists of his time. Machiavelli believes the ruling Prince should be the sole authority determining every aspect of the state and put in effect a policy, which would serve his best interests. These interests were gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. His understanding of human nature was a complete contradiction of what humanists believed and

taught. Machiavelli strongly promoted a secular society and felt morality was not necessary but in fact stood in the way of an effectively governed principality. Though in come cases Machiavelli's suggestions seem harsh and immoral one must remember that these views

were derived out of concern Italy's unstable political condition. If a prince can not be both feared and loved, Machiavelli suggests, it would be better for him to be feared bey the citizens within his own principality. He makes the generalization that men are, _...ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit; while you treat them well they are yours._ He characterizes men as being self centered and not willing to act in the best interest of the state,_[and when the prince] is in danger they turn against[him]._ Machiavelli reinforces the prince's need to be feared by stating: Machiavelli postulates that a prince must also deceive those whoattempt to flatter him.

In choosing wise men for his government and allowing those the freedom to speak the truth to him, and then only concerning matters on which he asks their opinion, and nothing else. But he should also question them toughly and listen to what they say; then he should make

up his own mind.

Machiavelli actively promoted a secular form of politics. He laid aside the Medievalli conception _of the state as a necessary creation for humankinds spiritual, material, and social well-being._ In such a state,_a ruler was justified in his exercise of political power only

if it contributed to the common good of the people he served, and the ethical side of a princes activity...ought to be based on Christian moral principles...._

Machiavelli believed a secular form of government to be a more realistic type. His views were to the benefit of the prince, in helping him maintain power rather than to serve to the well being of the citizens. Machiavelli promoted his belief by stating: The fact is that a man who wants to act virtuously in every way necessarily comes to grief among those who are not virtuous. Therefore,

if a prince wants to maintain his rule he must learn not to be sovirtuous, and to make use of this or not according to need.

Hanfeizi also had the same attitude .He advocated his ideas about the “law”, ”mean”, ”force”. Many emperors in the Chinese history adopted his ideas in order to rule their countries. He believed that as an emperor ,one should know the dividing line of the encouragement and punishment and use these them wisely. The emperor should learn to get rid of the opponents and use law to rule the country so that all the citizen would know what they should do and what they should not.

III Their different result

Hanfeizis ideas have led our country to the absolutism, while Machiavellis ideas became the

resources of the western democracy. Their ideas were about the same, why their result had so much difference? This was because that the feudality system lasted for almost two thousand after Machiavelli there existed many philosophers in the west to discuss the validity of the absolute monarchy. They changed with the tides, while on the other hand we Chinese kept the old form and too outdated.

英语专业论文提纲范文 第3篇

One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range from society, history, psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. So, in the process of translation, translators should pay more attention to the cultural factors, in doing this, he can dig up the implicit meanings. (Conclusion of research) Only the cultural factors are concerned, translators can have a satisfactory translation. Besides, people should get acquaintances with the cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (Suggestions)

References

[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press,2008

[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xian: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007

[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982

[4] Nida Eugene. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993

[5] Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere. Translation, History, Culture. Shanghai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987

[6] Luo Shiping. A Research on English Idioms. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006

[7] Li Yuping. English Idioms and their Cultural Origin. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008

[8] Yin Li. English-Chinese Idioms and Folk Culture. Beijing: Bejing university Press, 2007

[9] Zhang Yajun. A Kaleidoscope of Chinese Culture. Beijing: Sinolingua, 2008

[10] 李云(Li Yun).《新编大学翻译教程》. 北京:世界知识出版社, 2007 [11] 马爱英(Ma Aiying).《中英文化翻译》. 北京:科学出版社, 2006

[12] 孙致礼(Sun Zhili).《新编英汉翻译教程》. 上海:上海外语教学出版社, 2008

[13] 王宗炎(Wang Zongyan).《英汉语文问题面面观》. 北京:北京高等教育出版社, 2006

英语专业论文提纲范文 第4篇

Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………1

common historical background……………………………………1

International………………………………………………………1

National…………………………………………………………1

common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2

Rebellion against conventions……………………………………2

Beats in literature………………………………………………2

Rockers in music circles………………………………………3

Ideologies in between……………………………………………4

Beatniks were fed up with their government about

the explanations of why things happened……………………4

Their same destiny……………………………………………4

Beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by

both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5

Belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5

Beatniks study on Chinese Buddhism…………………………6

Rockers belief in Indian Buddhism……………………………6

identical lifestyles………………………………………………6

Bohemian…………………………………………………………7

Beats…………………………………………………………7

Rockers………………………………………………………7

Madness…………………………………………………………8

The beats regarded modern American life as cruel, selfish,

and impersonal that writers and artists were being driven

to madness……………………………………………………8

Rockers were mad enough to drive rockniks crazy on

rock circus spot………………………………………………9

Self-indulgent……………………………………………………9

Drugs…………………………………………………………9

_…………………………………………………10

4. The same conduct……………………………………………………10

Beats of Satan and angles………………………………………10

Rockers' conduct of the two sides………………………………11

Conclusion………………………………………………………………13

英语专业论文提纲范文 第5篇

Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression

that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, _I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. _(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)

英语专业论文提纲范文 第6篇

The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms Geographical Conditions

The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.

Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of

Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping, 2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)

For example, _like a fish out of water_. If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼 An odd fish 怪人 Miss the boat 错过机会

Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进

A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)

On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as _骨瘦如柴,对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......_ Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like _海角天涯,海枯石烂,海阔天空,海底捞针,海市蜃楼......_. (Analysis)

History

The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms

Colours

Numbers

英语专业论文提纲范文 第7篇

一、资本结构和公司治理概述(1000左右)

1、资本结构的涵义

2、公司治理的涵义

3、资本结构和公司治理的理论关系

二、我国上市公司资本结构缺陷分析(左右)

1、资产负债率偏低,偏好股权融资

2、流动负债水平偏高,负债结构不合理

3、国有企业国有股集中度较高,呈现出“一股独大”的特点

三、我国上市公司资本结构对公司治理的影响(2017左右)

1、大股东控制管理层任命,削弱代理权的竞争

2、企业经营财务风险增强,债权人参与公司治理的积极性降低

3、股权过度集中,中小股东参与权利有限

四、优化我国上市公司资本结构和强化治理的对策建议(2500左右)

1、创建良好外部融资环境

2、大力发展企业债券市场,提高上市公司债券融资的比例

3、调整股权结构,降低国有股比例 4、建立和健全经营者的激励和约束机制

英语专业论文提纲范文 第8篇

How to Choose a Suitable Subject

Whenever you plan and write a paper, you should keep these questions in mind:

What is my subject and what do I know about it?

Choose a subject that you care about and know about (or can find out about).

Who is my audience?

What you say about your subject depends greatly on who reads it. You must choose a subject that will interest your audience and try to present it interestingly.

What is my purpose?

You always communicate for a purpose either to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.

What must You Write in a Thesis?

In the limited space of a thesis, you can t say everything, so you must settle on the most important, most relevant, and most interesting.

Factors Influencing the Choice:

There are several factors which will influence your decision on which subject you are going to write about:

Interest/Experience/Science value/Ability /Scope of knowledge/Purpose

How to Get a Title?

We have two ways to get a title:

Given by teachers

Designed by yourself

They both have their advantages. For the former, you will have a definite direction to guide you to the end, while, for the latter, it can be more flexible for you and everything depends on yourself.

What Is a Good Title?

A good title, usually created after some paragraphs or a theme is written, does two things:

It suggests what the subject of the thesis will be;

It sparks the reader s interest

Some Basic Kinds of Titles

No-nonsense descriptive title: .:

Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia Teaching

Two-part titles .:

Sugar: The Hidden Drug

Rhetorical question. Then answer the question in your theme. .:

What can be done about CET-4?

Some Basic Kinds of Titles

Relate the title to the method of development used :

Descriptive: Portrait of a Teacher

Illustration: Three Roles I Play

Comparison: Crazy English: The New All Physical Response Approach

Contrast: Pleasures and Problems of Owning a Computer

Definition: A Definition of CLT

Persuasion: The Need for Discipline in University

Classification: Three Types of Education

Process: How to Teach Young Children English

How long should a title usually be?

A title is usually four to five words long and is rarely an entire sentence. (1 1words is more practical.)

Notice:We can t write anything with the title On , because this small on is too big for us.

Notice:The title is centered on the page above the body of the thesis and separated from it by one inch.

A puzzle

What is make a fuss over a trifle ?

That is a principle for us when we write a thesis: Write as much as possible on a small title. When we write a thesis, we must make a full consideration of whether the possibility to choose a big or a small topic comparatively.

Disadvantages for a Big Topic

A big topic needs collecting more materials. So it is more difficult for beginners.

Hard to control. If there are too many sides in a thesis for us to make clear, the chance to be successful is very slim.

Hard to make clear about the statement within limited words (about 600words). Everything will stay on the surface.

Time problem (2-3months)

Notice

Remember: to see a student s standard of writing isn t by how big his or her topic is, but by his or her ability to find problems, analyze problems and solve problems.

Titling

Subject: ELT Methodology

Limited subject: Modern English Teaching Methods

Initial topic: CLT : A Modern Teaching Method

Topic: CLT in Grammar Teaching

Assignment

Choose a subject that you would be likely to write about and try to title your paper.

Consideration:When we make a title of a thesis, what factors should we consider?

英语专业论文提纲范文 第9篇

一、论文大纲的写作方法如下:

1、先拟写标题;

2、写出论文总论点;

3、考虑整篇总的安排:从几个方面,以什么顺序来论述总论点,这是论文结构的骨架;

4、大的项目安排妥当之后,再逐个考虑每个项目的下位论点,直到段一级,写出段的论点句(即段旨);

5、依次考虑各个阶段的安排,把准备使用的材料按顺序编码,以便写作时使用

6、全面检查,适当作必要的增删。

二、论文大纲的写作标准如下:

1、页码:封面不编页。

2、从目录开始编页,目录使用阿拉伯数字编码,页码编号要求做居中。

3、用A4纸单面打印。上、下各为2、5cm,左右边距为2cm;装订线为1cm。

4、对页眉没有固定要求。

三、论文大纲的字体设置说明

1、一级标题使用“宋体、三号、加粗”

2、二级标题使用“宋体、四号、加粗”

3、三级标题使用“宋体、小四号、加粗”

4、四级标题使用“宋体、小四号”

5、建议标题最好不要超过三级,否则适得其反,格式太乱。

6、正文一律使用“宋体、小四号字,行间距为倍。

编写步骤

(一)确定论文的提要,再加进相关材料,形成全文的概要

论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要,以便读者一翻提要就知道书的.大概内容。我们写论文也需要先写出论文提要。在执笔前把论文的题目和大标题、小标题列出来,再把选用的材料插进去,就形成了论文内容的提要。

(二)原稿纸页数的分配

写好论文的提要之后,要根据论文的内容考虑篇幅的长短,文章的各个部分,大体上要写多少字。如计划写20页原稿纸(每页300字)的论文,考虑序论用1页,本论用17页,结论用1-2页。本论部分再进行分配,如本论共有四项,可以第一项3-4页,第二项用4-5页,第三项3-4页,第四项6-7页。有这样的分配,便于资料的配备和安排,写作能更有计划。毕业论文的长短一般规定为5000-6000字,因为过短,问题很难讲透,而作为毕业论文也不宜过长,这是一般大专、本科学生的理论基础、实践经验所决定的。

(三)编写提纲

论文提纲可分为简单提纲和详细提纲两种。简单提纲是高度概括的,只提示论文的要点,如何展开则不涉及。这种提纲虽然简单,但由于它是经过深思熟虑构成的,写作时能顺利进行。没有这种准备,边想边写很难顺利地写下去。

(四)修改提纲

提纲写好之后,还有一项很重要的工作不可疏忽,这就是提纲的推敲和修改,这种推敲和修改要把握如下几点。一是推敲题目是否恰当,是否合适;二是推敲提纲的结构。先围绕所要阐述的中心论点或者说明的主要议题,检查划分的部分、层次和段落是否可以充分说明问题,是否合乎道理;各层次、段落之间的联系是否紧密,过渡是否自然。然后再进行客观总体布局的检查,再对每一层次中的论述秩序进行“微调”。

编写技巧

一、周密思考,慎重落笔

二、一气呵成,不重“小节”

三、行于所当行,止于所当止

编写毕业论文提纲方法

英语专业论文提纲范文 第10篇

适用专业:英语

学 时 数: 一周

一、学年论文的性质与目的

课程性质:学年论文是英语专业教学计划的重要组成部分,是人才培养的重要环节之一,是培养学生创新精神和科研能力的重要手段。

实习目的:培养学生做学问的严谨和规范,学生用所学的外语进行实际操作和研究,可使学到的基础知识和技能得到理解和强化。

语言是工具,工具的使用只有在运用过程中才能更加熟练。

学生用所学语言对本学科或相关学科进行实际工作和研究,不仅操练了所学的语言,而且有助于培养学生获取知识的能力和分析、概括总结的能力。

学年论文的写作过程是一个发现问题、分析问题、收集资料、解决问题的过程,经过这个过程学生学会独立提出问题并努力解决所提出的问题。

学年论文的撰写也为毕业论文的写作打下一定的基础。

学年论文一般安排第四学期和第六学期。

二、学年论文的基本要求

(一)选题要求

学年论文的选题要求是一人一题,主要由教师指导学生完成,也可由教师指定。

选题要新颖,具有一定的深度、难度与工作量。

选题可从以下几个方面进行。

(1)阐明本学科理论在实际应用中的一些问题;

(2)探讨本学科中某些观念、热点问题或研究历史进程、预测其发展趋势;

(3)阐述本学科领域发展进程中的重大事件和重要问题;

(4)对专业课程中的某一部分内容进行讨论或研究。

(二)学年论文要求

英语专业论文提纲范文 第11篇

一、英语论文的标题

二、英语论文提纲

英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。

三、英语论文正文

四、英语论文的文中引述

1.若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:

The divorce of Arnolds personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9).

英语专业论文提纲范文 第12篇

论文大纲参考模版

实证研究论文大纲参考模版<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = “urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office” /??>

(一)引言

   (二)文献回顾及相关概念提出

<?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = “urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml” /??>

H<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = “urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags” /??>2a

H2b

第三方担保

消费者信任

提升策略

信誉反馈系统

安全承诺

隐私承诺

服务承诺

策略的.内容

信任倾向

购买倾向

策略的特征

             图1 本研究的概念模型及假设命题

本部分通过文献研究来界定有关研究对象。本研究涉及到两个重要的概念:信任提升策略及其绩效。本研究所选取的典型信任提升策略有两种:第三方担保和声誉反馈系统。本项目拟从策略的内容及特征两个方面将两种策略的内涵加以区分(如图1所示)。另外,本研究将绩效界定为消费者信任、购买倾向的积极改善。因此,本研究后续部分除特别说明外,信任提升策略的绩效即是指消费者信任和购买倾向两个方面。

   (三)研究模型及假设命题的提出

在明确研究对象内涵的基础上,本部分根据研究的目的,提炼出研究对象之间的内在关系,构建本研究的概念模型(如图1所示),并提出以下假设:

H1:两种信任提升策略的绩效是有显著差异的;

H2:信任提升策略内容和特征与绩效显著相关;

H2a:信誉反馈系统策略的内容与特征对消费者信任、购买倾向具有显著影响;

H2b:第三方担保策略的内容与特征对消费者信任、购买倾向具有显著影响;

   (四)数据分析

英语专业论文提纲范文 第13篇

学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。

(一)前置

2.目录:由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成,排在英文封面之后另页。

4关键词:关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索,学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”,这些关键词就是论文的中心词,以显著的字符另起一行,分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。

(二)主体部分

主题部分包括引言(introduction)、正文(body)、结论(conclusion)、参考文献(bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。

1.引言:主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

2.正文:论文的正文是核心部分,占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分,论点明确。行文必须实事求是,客观真切,准确完备,合乎逻辑,层次分明,简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题,章、条、款、项的序号编码方法,采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法,论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列,依次从1开始,连续编号,中间用“.”相隔,最末级编号之后不加点。示例:

2.……

……

.…

3.结论:学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论,它是对正文部分的论述的概述,也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第14篇

A Contextual Study of Black English

摘要:对全文进行概括性的总结,涉及到研究背景、研究目的、研究方法、研究发现等;重点放在研究发现上。

关键词:3-5个。

Outline

毕业论文由以下几部分组成:

1 Introduction (绪论)

绪论:本部分对论文整体上予以简单介绍,涉及以下方面:

指出研究目的 (Research aim) ,并把研究目的细化为2、3个研究问题(research questions)。指出用何种理论框架(theoretical framework)有何研究意义(Significance of the present study),方法论(methodology当前研究属于定性还是定量,有何具体方法),语料收集(data collection,语料由何处,运用何种方法收集到的,为何用这些语料),论文的结构(organization of the dissertation)

2 Literature Review (文献综述)

文献综述:本部分主要介绍以往的相关研究,要有陈述也有评论,重点指出以前研究存在的不足,或者没有解决的问题(让人明白本研究的必要性)。如:以“A Contextual Study of Black English”(“黑人英语的语境论研究”)为题,本论文文献综述要围绕着国内外有关黑人英语的研究状况去写。但是,不要写成1.国内的研究2.国外的研究,因为科研不分国内外,要有全球视角。而是根据不同的视角去写。 语言学路径下的研究 人类学路径下的研究 文化学路径下的研究

3 Theoretical Framework (理论框架)

理论框架:本部分指出本研究所依据的理论基础,要对该理论有个概括的介绍,重点放在你要用的理论上,比如:语境或语域等。如:

Introduction to the Systemic-Functional Linguistics

The Three Metafunctions

The Concept of Context

The Concept of Register

4 Discussion / Case Study(讨论或个案研究)

讨论:用上述理论框架对所收集的语料进行讨论,解决你所提出的所有研究问题,并归纳有何研究发现。根据具体情况,如果内容较多,可以写成两节。可以把“Discussion”写成“Case Study”(个案分析) 。

5 Conclusion (结论)

结论:首先对全文有个小结;然后回顾你在本研究中的发现、直接说明你的研究目的是否已经实现,所有的研究问题是否已经回答清楚;指出本研究存在的不足、对将来相关研究的启示等。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第15篇

英语专业毕业论文提纲

一、英语谚语的概述

.对谚语的一般定义,并概括英语谚语的基本特点(3―5条)

.结合谚语与语言的关系,简要论述英语谚语来源的一般性概述

这一部分大体写字。

二、西方的宗教传统与英语谚语的本源关联

对基督教的历史做一简单的概述,同时对《圣经》对基督教的核心意义与价值做一简单的说明

. 简述西方的宗教传统,或者基督教的历史

. 对基督教的基本信义做一简单的概述,从下述几个方面:

(1)对基督教的只信仰一个唯一的上帝,不容许进行偶像崇拜;

(2)原罪的观念与救赎的观念:涉及末世审判、救赎恩典和得救的观念

(3)爱是基督教信仰的核心,核心是爱上帝,同时爱每个人

归根结底,基督教是一种高级的精神性宗教,深深地浸透入了西方世界的每一个角落

英语谚语与基督教的关系,特别是《圣经》的英译对英语的影响

(1)《圣经》历史上的英译本,主要讲钦定本的诞生和影响(譬如扩大了英语的词汇量、增强了英语的表意功能、增加了英语的表意手段等等)

(2)通过一些简单的例证来说明从拉丁语翻译到英语这一过程的影响与意义(如可以举例一些特殊的词语、句式等说明,做好这一部分关键是找到好的研究资料)

三、对源于《圣经》的`谚语进行分析,揭示其宗教、文化内涵

(选取若干源于《圣经》的谚语进行具体的、细致的分析,以揭示谚语背后的宗教内涵和英语所负载的宗教文化意义。)

1.选取15―20条有代表性的谚语进行分析,

(1)简述一下选取分析对象的标准

首先这些谚语必须来源于《圣经》或者有《圣经》直接引伸出来,

其次这些谚语必须是应用较广,家喻户晓,且包含特定的智慧

(2)对这些谚语进行分析

我们的分析角度或方法是:

1、要将这些谚语放到《圣经》的文本中去,也就是要将其放回到具体的语境中,在具体的故事或圣经人物的言说中领会这些谚语的内涵

2、可以适当的结合这些谚语的修辞、句式结构等来分析

2.对上述谚语分析之后,从若干角度进行文化内涵的总结和概括

这些谚语的内在价值:道德规范、人生智慧、

这些谚语的功能:宗教教化功能、规导劝慰功能、

(这些价值功能关键的根据所选谚语的分析来确定,有新的发现可适当再添加)

这一部分为本文的主体部分,在3500字左右

英语专业论文提纲范文 第16篇

一、目的

撰写毕业论文是本专业学生毕业前的一个重要教学环节,是一门重要的必修课。通过毕业论文的撰写,对学生进行科学研究基本功的训练,培养学生综合运用所学知识、独立地分析问题和解决问题的能力,对学生的知识和能力进行全面的考核,使他们初步掌握进行科学研究的基本程序和方法,养成严谨的治学态度,同时可以考查学生掌握专业知识的深度和广度,了解学生运用所学专业知识分析和解决实际问题的能力。

二、要求

1、毕业论文的撰写在系毕业论文评审领导小组的领导下进行。

2、选题必须与本专业相关,涉及经贸、商务、经济等方面,内容要反映当前社会经济实践,应尽量结合顶岗实习和毕业实习,论点对当前的经济、外贸、社会发展有一定的参考价值;可采取论文、研究或调查报告形式。

3、毕业论文撰写的整个过程必须在指导老师的指导下进行,要严格遵循论文写作的程序和撰写进度计划表,迟交论文者视情节轻重给予减分降等处理。

4、毕业论文格式要求,参见镇江高专外语系毕业论文写作规范。

5、毕业论文必须在导师指导下独立完成,发现抄袭剽窃或请人代作等情况一律以考试作弊论处。

三、指导教师

1、资格

2、职责

(1) 明确所指导学生的培养目标、专业以及毕业论文撰写的目的和要求,帮助学生提高对撰写毕业论文的正确认识。

(2) 指导学生正确选题,撰写开题报告,对学生选题的重点和难点进行剖析;给学生指定必要的参考资料和文献,指导和审定开题报告、论文提纲。

(3) 解答学生的疑难问题,审阅论文初稿及改稿,中英文摘要,提出修改意见。对定稿写出评语,并提供建议成绩。帮助学生做好答辩准备。

(4) 对毕业论文的真实性进行把关,如发现抄袭或请他人代做,要令其纠正,并向系毕业论文评审领导小组汇报。

(5) 坚持教书育人,在指导方法上应以启发指导为主,循循善诱,不能包办代替或放任自流,指导教师要注意培养学生刻苦而严谨的治学精神。

四、论文答辩

1、答辩的目的是为了审查学生毕业论文的真实性,衡量论文的水平,是学生再学习和培养能力的重要环节。

2、成立系毕业论文答辩领导小组。该领导小组确定各答辩小组的人员组成。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第17篇

新版英语专业八级考试大纲

总 则

国家教委<高等学校英语专业高年级英语教学大纲)规定,高等学校英语专业高年级英语的教学任务是“继续打好语言基本功,进一步扩大知识面,重点应放在培养英语综合技能,充实文化知识,提高交际能力上。”

同时,<大纲)也指出,“大纲的执行情况主要通过统一测试进行检查。”“测试和评分应力求尽快达到标准化和电脑化,使其具有科学性、客观性和可行性。”

根据(大纲)中的上述规定,英语专业八级考试大纲规定了以下原则及考试内容:

一、考试目的:

本考试的目的是检查大纲的执行情况,特别是大纲所规定的八级水严所要达到的综合语言技能和交际能力,藉以促进大纲的进一步贯彻,提高教学质量。

二、考试的性质与范围:

本考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范围包括大纲所规定的听、读、写、译四个方面的技能。由于大规模口试的条件目前尚不具备,所以有关“说”的技能暂缓测试。

三、考试时间与命题:

英语专业八级考试于每年3月份举行。由英语专业学生八级考试命题小组负责命题与实施。

四、考试内容:

本考试包括六个部分:听力理解,校对与改错,阅读理解,人文知识、翻译,写作。整个开始需要时间185分钟。

I.听力理解(PartI:Listening Comprehension)

测试要求:

(a)能听懂交际场合中各种英语会话和讲话。

(b)能听懂VOA或BBC、CNN等国外传媒的'节目中有关政治、经济、文化教育、科技等方面的专题报道。

(c)能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化教育、语言文学、科普方面的一般讲座及讲座后的答问。

(d)时间25分钟。

题型:

听力理解部分采用填空题和多向选择题,包括三个项目:SectionA,SectionB,SectionC,共20题。

SectionA:Mini-lecture

由 900个单词的讲座和一项填空人物组成,要求边听边做笔记,然后完成填空人物。答题时间10分钟。本部分共10题。

SectionB:Conversation & Interview

约800个单词的会话组成,之后,有5道多选题。

SectionC:NewsBroadcast

若干新闻报道后,会有5道多选题。

注意:Section B&C的每一道题目后面有10秒的间隙,选一最佳答案。录音速度为每分钟约为150个单词。

念一遍!!!

Ⅱ.阅读理解 (PartII:ReadingComprehension)

测试要求:

(a)能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论、政治和书评,既能理解其主旨和大意,又能分辨出其中的事实与细 节。

(b)能读懂一般历史传记及文学作品,既能理解其字面意义又能理解其隐含意义。

(c)能分析上述题材的文章的思想观点,通篇布局,语言技巧及修辞手法。

(D)能够在阅读中调整自己的阅读速度。

(E)考试时间 30分钟

题型:

采用多项选择题,选一最佳答案,数篇材料组成。含3,000个单词。每篇材料后面有若干小题。共20题。

速度:约150个单词/分钟。

选材:A) 题材广泛,社会、文化、科技、经济、日常知识,人物传记

B) 体裁:记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表

III. 人文知识 (Part III : General Knowledge)

测试要求:

A) 基本了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、现状、文化传统

B) 初步具备英语文学知识

C) 初步具备英语语言知识

D) 考试时间 10分钟

部分采用多选形式,选出一道最佳答案。共10题。

测试范围:

A) 英语国家社会和文化知识

B) 英语文学知识

C) 英语语言知识

改错题 (Part IV:ProofreadingandErrorCorrection)

测试要求:

要求学生能运用语法、修辞、结构等语言知识识别短文内的语病并提出改正的方法。

题型:

本题由一篇250词左右的短文组成,短文中有10行标有题号。该10行均含有一个语误。要求学生根据“增添”、“删去”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种,以改正语误。考试时间共计

英语专业论文提纲范文 第18篇

题目:应简洁、明确、有概括性。

关键词:从论文标题或正文中挑选3~5个最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词。

摘要:(150字)要有高度的概括力,语言精练、明确,交代本文的主要内容和观点。

目录:写出目录,标明页码。

编写提纲的步骤: (一)确定论文提要,再加进材料,形成全文的概要 论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。

一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要,以便读者一翻提要就知道书的大概内容。

我们写论文也需要先写出论文提要。

在执笔前把论文的题目和大标题、小标题列出来,再把选用的材料插进去,就形成了论文内容的提要。

论文提纲可分为简单提纲和详细提纲两种。

简单提纲是高度概括的,只提示论文的要点,如何展开则不涉及。

这种提纲虽然简单,但由于它是经过深思熟虑构成的,写作时能顺利进行。

没有这种准备,边想边写很难顺利地写下去。

引言(绪论)-------------------------------------(300字左右)

引言是论文的开头部分,主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识,并提出论文的中心论点等。

数据恢复前言要写得简明扼要,篇幅不要太长。

正文(5000左右)分析问题,论证观点,尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。

第1章 某某现状(归纳存在的主要问题并论证问题的存在及其影响) 把脉

. -----------------------------

. -------------

. ---------------------------

第2章 问题产生的原因分析(归纳成因并论证) 诊断

. -------------------------

. ---------

第3章 解决问题的对策(治理问题的途径和方法) 治疗

. -------------------------

. ---------

第4章 结论(300左右) 简要归纳全文的中心和主要结论毕业论文的收尾部分,是围绕本论所作的结束语。

其基本的要点就是总结全文,加深题意。

(注意:修改后的论文提纲要写出章和节的内容,节的.内容自己定,写论文时要将内容丰富起来,要达到5000字的字数要求)

致谢辞:简述自己通过做毕业论文的体会,并应对指导教师和协助完成论文的有关人员表示谢意。

参考文献:在毕业论文末尾要列出在论文中参考过的专著、论文及其他资料,所列参考文献应按文中参考或引证的先后顺序排列。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第19篇

英语专业毕业论文

英语论文选题参考:

1 论英语电影名称的翻译

2 《双城记》中的人文主义精神分析

3 《苔丝》中的色彩意象

4 《飘》中女性意识的分析

5 论艾米莉·狄金森的死亡之诗

6 《弗兰肯斯坦》叙事艺术

7 美丽与无情— << 了不起的盖茨比 >>中的女性形象浅析

8 试析《六月演奏会》的儿童视角

9 ”吃南瓜的人” ---论文化语境对英汉习语翻译的影响

10 死亡笼罩的心灵 --- 《麦田里的守望者》中的意象分析

11 中国旅游文本的等效翻译

12 中英文化差异对翻译的影响

13 中学英语口语教学

14 功能对等与英汉翻译增词法

15 中介语石化的成因分析及防止策略

16 中英文写作中篇章结构差异之分析

17 在汉英中动物寓意的异同

18 汉语习语英译的归化与异化

19 中学生英语词汇学习策略研究

20 论译者在翻译活动中的个人介入

21 中国特色菜肴的文化与翻译

22 《格列佛游记》中的讽刺艺术

23 英语广告中双关语的翻译

24 《呼啸山庄》与《苔丝》人物悲剧根源比较

25 英汉颜色词语义及其文化内涵对比

26 英语专业学生在汉译英中的中式英语问题

27 预测技巧在初中听力教学中的运用

28 中国古代诗歌英译中的缺失与再创造

29 初中生的背诵观念与策略

30 浅析苔丝悲剧的原因

31 浅析《了不起的盖茨比》中的 “ 美国梦 ”

32 从《永别了,武器》看海明威的悲剧意识

33 回归自然:无法实现的梦想—读《马语者》有感

34 英语长句汉译

35 《白鲸》中的象征意义

36 《黄色糊墙纸》的象征意象

37 情景交际法在初中英语词汇教学中的应用

38 文体学在大学英语阅读中的应用

39 英语专业四级听写中的错误分析

40 小组讨论在英语写作中的运用

41 解析《紫颜色》中女主人公西丽妇女意识的形成

42 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的永恒魅力

43 英汉翻译中词义的对比与社会文化差异

44 重返伊甸园—浅牢伦斯的的完美爱情观

45 论《远大前程》中郝薇香小姐的双重性格

46 合作学习模式—小组学生在中学英语教学中的应用

47 从堕落女性到时代新女性—解析嘉丽形象之变迁

48 剧中人,局外人—论尼克在《了不起的盖茨比》中的双重角色

49 影响听力理解主要的主观因素与对策分析

50 欧·亨利的反讽

51 论《老人与海》中桑提亚哥的硬汉形象

52 《爱玛》——成熟的艺术完满的名著

53 论以培养交际能力为目的的语法教学

54 天使,而非魔鬼—郝思佳

55 浅析简·爱与苔丝不同命运的原因

56 《弗洛斯河上的磨房》中麦琪的个性成因

57 影响中学生英语听力理解的主观因素

58 英语写作中的衔接错误分析

59 论《傲慢与偏见》的戏剧性特色

60 《呼啸山庄》中的哥特风格

61习语的翻译方法

62 影响高中生阅读能力的因素及对策

63 浅析口译中的文化障碍问题

64 艾米莉·勃朗特《呼啸山庄》中复仇根源的分析

65 浅析《白鲸》中人与自然的关系

66 体态语:它的功能及其英汉文化差异

67 浅谈广告语的特点及其翻译中的效能等值

68 从中西文化差异看红楼梦习语翻译

69 论鲁滨逊的资产阶级特征

70 浅析思嘉丽的性格的对立性

71 性别与英语学习间的关系研究综述

72 品牌文化影响下的化妆品商标翻译

73 环境的牺牲品 --- 《呼啸山庄》的自然主义特色

74 《麦田里的守望者》中的人物心理分析

75 浅谈当前口译教学及提高当前口译学习的实用性

76 简析《弗兰肯斯坦》的哥特风格

77 浅析《理智与情感》中的家庭矛盾

78 挽歌—对《无名的裘德》中的人物的心理分析

79 阅读习得词汇研究—纯粹的阅读和伴以任务的阅读

80 《汤姆大叔的小屋》中汤姆形象的心理分析

81 礼貌原则与中英观点表达方式的比较

82 多元文化背景下的英语课堂教学

83 浅析《愤怒的葡萄》中约德家族的悲剧根源

84 浅析宠儿角色的作用 ---正面历史与自我

85 浅析《觉醒》里的象征意象

英语专业论文提纲范文 第20篇

Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:

Literal Translation

Free Translation

Translation with Notes

Replacement with Similar Idioms

The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning

A Combination of Literal and Free Translation

4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation

英语专业论文提纲范文 第21篇

英语专业论文提纲范文[2]

Basic Knowledge for Thesis Writing

Why should we write the thesis?

To write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.

By writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.

It is the reflection of a student’s study in college.

Whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.

How long should we prepare for writing a thesis?One year or so

What do we need when we write a thesis?

Firstly, for English major, most important of all, it is English knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.

Secondly, the way of writing is also important.

A good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.

The language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:

Wording: we prefer big word to small one;

Sentence: Long sentences are quite expectable.

How do we write a thesis? How many steps should we follow?

Generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:

1. Choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. For English major, we may apply:

2. Choose a title/Title a paper;

3. Collect materials for reference in writing;

4. Analyze the collected materials;

5. Sort out the data and arguments;

6. List references;

7. Make up an outline;

8. 1—3 drafts;

9. Proofread;

10. The last version.

What subjects may we choose to write?

English and American Literature

The Practice and Theory of Translation

English Language

English Linguistics

English Grammar

English Phonetics

English Lexicology

English Rhetoric

Language and Culture

ELT Methodology

Teaching English in Middle School

English Teaching Research and Survey

The History of… (All mentioned above)

英语专业论文提纲范文[3]

Subject and Title

How to Choose a Suitable Subject

Whenever you plan and write a paper, you should keep these questions in mind:

What is my subject and what do I know about it?

Choose a subject that you care about and know about (or can find out about).

Who is my audience?

What you say about your subject depends greatly on who reads it. You must choose a subject that will interest your audience and try to present it interestingly.

What is my purpose?

You always communicate for a purpose—either to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.

What must You Write in a Thesis?

In the limited space of a thesis, you can’t say everything, so you must settle on the most important, most relevant, and most interesting.

Factors Influencing the Choice:

There are several factors which will influence your decision on which subject you are going to write about:

Interest/Experience/Science value/Ability /Scope of knowledge/Purpose…

How to Get a Title?

We have two ways to get a title:

Given by teachers

Designed by yourself

They both have their advantages. For the former, you will have a definite direction to guide you to the end, while, for the latter, it can be more flexible for you and everything depends on yourself.

What Is a Good Title?

A good title, usually created after some paragraphs or a theme is written, does two things:

1. It suggests what the subject of the thesis will be;

2. It sparks the reader’s interest

Some Basic Kinds of Titles

No-nonsense descriptive title: .:

Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia Teaching

Two-part titles .:

Sugar: The Hidden Drug

Rhetorical question. Then answer the question in your theme. .:

What can be done about CET-4?

Some Basic Kinds of Titles

Relate the title to the method of development used :

Descriptive: Portrait of a Teacher

Illustration: Three Roles I Play

Comparison: Crazy English: The New All Physical Response Approach

Contrast: Pleasures and Problems of Owning a Computer

Definition: A Definition of CLT

Persuasion: The Need for Discipline in University

Classification: Three Types of Education

Process: How to Teach Young Children English

How long should a title usually be?

A title is usually four to five words long and is rarely an entire sentence. (1—10 words is more practical.)

Notice:We can’t write anything with the title “On…”, because this small “on” is too big for us.

Notice:The title is centered on the page above the body of the thesis and separated from it by one inch.

A puzzle

What is “make a fuss over a trifle”?

That is a principle for us when we write a thesis: Write as much as possible on a small title. When we write a thesis, we must make a full consideration of whether the possibility to choose a “big” or a “small” topic comparatively.

Disadvantages for a “Big” Topic

A big topic needs collecting more materials. So it is more difficult for beginners.

Hard to control. If there are too many sides in a thesis for us to make clear, the chance to be successful is very slim.

Hard to make clear about the statement within limited words (about 6000 words). Everything will stay on the surface.

Time problem (2-3months)

Notice

Remember: to see a student’s standard of writing isn’t by how “big” his or her topic is, but by his or her ability to find problems, analyze problems and solve problems.

Titling

Commonly, we can divide titling into four levels, for example:

Subject: ELT Methodology

Limited subject: Modern English Teaching Methods

Initial topic: CLT : A Modern Teaching Method

Topic: CLT in Grammar Teaching

Assignment

Choose a subject that you would be likely to write about and try to title your paper.

Consideration:When we make a title of a thesis, what factors should we consider?

英语专业论文提纲范文 第22篇

论文摘要:调查结果显示:传统的理工科大学英语专业的学生在撰写本科毕业论文时遇到的主要问题有选题时的困惑、资料的缺乏和研究方法的不足等。

解决这些问题不仅需要教师与学生思想上的重视,更有赖于学校的大力支持。

论文关键词: 本科毕业论文 理工科大学 英语专业

毕业论文(graduation thesis) 是高等学校学生在毕业时所撰写的带有总结性的论文。

对英语专业本科生而言,毕业论文同时就是学士学位论文(BA thesis) ,是他们申请学士学位的重要依据。

它一般要求该生通过此论文的撰写,体现他在某一学科内已掌握的基本理论和所具备的初步研究能力。

英语专业高年级教学大纲明文规定:“应培养学生撰写课程论文及毕业论文的能力”。

近几年,国家在陆续进行本科工作评鉴,其中很重要的一个环节便是本科毕业论文的规范化管理。

对理工科院校及师范性专科学校的英语专业来说,学科建设不齐全,办学时间短,经验不足,往往会造成某些方面的疏漏和问题。

笔者就此对本校的97 级英语专业本科生的毕业论文的撰写情况作了调查,从中发现了一些问题并找到一些解决问题的办法。

一 有关论文的一般情况论文撰写的方向由指导教师填写

学生根据自己的兴趣选择方向和指导教师,一般每人填报3 位指导教师,由系里进行统一调配,指导教师通常指导3 到5 人不等。

为了给学生充分的时间撰写出质量较高的毕业论文,论文的工作从大四第一学期末开始。

确定指导教师,探讨选题,查找资料的先期工作按规定都在第二学期开学时完成。

开学后便是与导师共同确定选题,开始正式的撰写工作。

最终成绩的评定由多个成绩综合而来:指导教师的评分,评阅教师的评分和答辩的平均成绩。

论文的评分和答辩的评分均有标准可依,但因标准过于笼统,评分教师在实际操作时难以把握。

学校对论文的优,良,中,及格的比例有一定的限制,故而最后的评分结果实难看出一届学生的论文整体水平。

指导教师反映这几年来真正花了功夫,但体现一定质量的论文却凤毛麟角。

笔者调查了本校97 级英语专业应届毕业生的论文撰写的情况,并为了更深一层地了解情况,发现问题,还向学生发放调查问卷85 份,回收有效问卷66 份。

并采访指导教师2 人。

二 调查结果97级学生共有85 名,指导教师共23 名,其中正高职称3名,副高6名,中级1名,初级4名

根据问卷调查,绝大多数学生(66 %)选择自己最感兴趣的方向,其它学生选择自己认为较为易写的方向。

由于学科建设,师资队伍的不健全,不完备,我系尚未形成一定规模的学科体系,指导教师严重缺乏。

目前每年需从大学英语、研究生英语教研室调用相当于本系教师数量的指导教师来完成该项工作。

各个指导教师根据自己的专业,研究方向和兴趣爱好确定指导方向,造成选题比较分散。

这给答辩分组,互相评阅也带来一定困难。

有不少学科领域是英语本科生在4 年学习中几乎不涉及的,例如应用语言学,语用学,跨文化交际学等。

有些学生凭着自己个人的理解兴致勃勃地来和指导教师商谈选题,结果发现所选方向与事先的想法大相径庭,因而颇为茫然。

由此看来,毕业论文的方向应立足于学生4 年学习的内容。

调查显示各有1/ 3 的学生认为毕业论文的撰写与4 年英语学习的关系是对四年学习的检验和本科阶段学习与进一步学习的衔接。

笔者认为要进一步提升毕业论文的作用,做法有二:

一是适度削减那些学生丝毫没有概念的论文方向,使选题较为集中;

二是拓宽学生的语言学、文学的眼界,除了开设普通语言学之外,开设有关其他学科方向的选修课。

这样学生可以自己选择听课,并为毕业论文做好理论认识准备。

82 %的学生认为撰写论文中遇到的最大困难是资料缺乏,尤其是原版资料。

他们做论文的主要资料来源是本校图书馆和其他高校的图书馆或市图书馆(各占3 %左右) 。

据调查有超过5 %的学生花了最多的时间来查资料。

由于我们是传统的理工科院校,文科书籍数目极少,虽然近几年大量购买和订阅了一定量的图书、期刊,

可是从论文选题覆盖面的广度和学生的人数来看,无论是图书的种类还是册数都无法满足需要。

资料中最至关重要的学术期刊,尤其是西文期刊学生都难以看到。

缺少其他途径的学生最后只得向指导教师借阅或去书店购买。

参考书目极其雷同造成了同一方向论文的内容大同小异。

毕业论文规定必须有3 本以上的参考书。

可喜的是调查显示一半以上的学生使用了6 至1 本参考书,另有25 %的学生使用了1 本以上。

但另一现象不容忽视,那便是大多数的学生的参考书中只有一两本原版书,仅有1 人使用了6本。

第一手的英文资料严重匮乏已严重地阻碍了学科的发展。

5 %的学生认为论文中最重要的成分是层次清晰,主题明确。

另有5 %的人则认为是选题新颖,有自己的调查和观点。

前者所持的是对文章的传统标准,而后者则强调了对正规的学术论文的要求。

这说明已有一部分学生了解了毕业论文的性质和要求。

研究方法是一个常常被指导教师和学生忽略的问题。

中式教育强调照本宣科,忽视独立思考的能力。

外国的学生从小就被鼓励自己找感兴趣的问题来研究,并报告研究结果。

而中国学生却往往不知如何确定自己的研究题目,更不知道何谓研究方法。

指导教师觉得和本科生谈研究方法似乎为时过早,况且文科本身不同于理工科需要实验,设计。

调查结果显示,9 %的学生认为研究方法就是查找资料,对比研究,分析论证。

让本科生撰写毕业论文的目的是:

1) 检查学生对英语基础知识、基本技能掌握的情况,考出学生的基础理论水平。

2) 培养学生初步从事科研的能力。

3) 检查教学情况,及时获得反馈信息,以便改进教学工作。

调查中45 %的'学生认为他们从毕业论文中学到最多的是整体操作的模式,即他们通过写论文明白了如何选题,查找资料,撰写以及准备答辩。

另有一部分学生觉得学到最多的是正规论文的格式。

由此看来,学生的确通过撰写毕业论文得到了一些科研工作的感性认识。

但毕业论文的总结总是集中在规范化的问题上,而很少考虑毕业论文反映出来的问题对教学的启示,

例如:学生的写作水平和写作课的关系,学生的思维能力和课内课外培养的关系等。

根据南京理工大学“关于开展九七级本科毕业设计(论文) 教学质量检查评估及毕业设计组织管理工作优秀单位和优秀指导教师评选工作的通知”精神,

我校从97 级本科生毕业设计(论文) 资料中随机抽取76 份(其中经管文科专业1 份) ,分别送到东南大学,南京航空航天大学和南京工业大学,请同行专家就我校本科毕业论文教学质量情况进行了评审。

校外专家对英语专业的论文的成绩评定有些意见,认为某些成绩偏高。

例如对一篇评为“良”的论文,专家的评语为:指导者认为“在论述委婉语所反映的英美社会的文化价值观中有自己的独特见解”,对此评语不敢苟同,全文并无独特见解。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第23篇

毕业论文的选定不是一下子就能够确定的.若选择的毕业论文题目范围较大,则写出来的毕业论文内容比较空洞, 详细内容请看下文论文大纲格式模板。

(一)前置

2.目录:由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成,排在英文封面之后另页。

4关键词:关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索,学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”,这些关键词就是论文的中心词,以显著的字符另起一行,分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。

(二)主体部分

主题部分包括引言(introduction)、正文(body)、结论(conclusion)、参考文献(bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。

1.引言:主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

2.正文:论文的正文是核心部分,占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分,论点明确。行文必须实事求是,客观真切,准确完备,合乎逻辑,层次分明,简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题,章、条、款、项的序号编码方法,采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法,论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列,依次从1开始,连续编号,中间用“.”相隔,最末级编号之后不加点。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第24篇

关键词:托马斯哈代 悲剧 安琪尔克莱尔

Abstract: Literature is a mirror of real life which can reflect all aspects of people’s lives. More and more scholars have begun to study a country from the roots of economy, politics and culture. As early as ancient Greece, there were some creations of tragedy. Tragedy is a kind of literary creation, which is not a simple artistic form or technique but the repeat of real society. It can depict the piteous, sad, distressing and sentimental plots by describing some tortuous or complicated events. The British famous writer Thomas Hardy was one of the excellent novelists of the Victorian age. He delineated a lot of characters of tragedies, showing various persons’ enchantment. Besides providing the dignity of life tragedy to the readers, the novels contains the profound rationalism of the writer and Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’urbervilles reflected his real society. Hardy succeeded in portraying the image of heroine Tess and revealing the hypocritical ethics and morals of bourgeois society. This paper will d

iscuss the causes of Clare’s tragedy from the hero –Angel Clare’s social background and psychology.

Key words: Thomas Hardy, tragedy, Angel Clare

Chapter1 Introduction

Literature is not only an art but also a mirror of real life. When studying a literary work, scholars actually study history. Nowadays an increasing number of scholars have begun to study the history of a country’s economic, political and cultural forms from the perspective of literature because through different kinds of literary works, we can see all sorts of feelings such as joy, anger, sorrow and various truths. The manifestation of literature is manifold, one of which is tragedy. The writers often want to show the piteous, sad, distressing and sentimental plots by describing some tortuous or complicated events. In the tragedy, it is inevitable that the heroes or heroines should suffer a setback or disadvantage, cover themselves in dishonor, experience tribulation or even fail or die though they have reasonable motivation, wishes, ideal, or passion which may indicate a victory or success. But finally they will either die or get mad. With a bad ending, tragedy often contains a certain philosophy of life

. There are lots of tragedies in western literature such as Oedipus, Prometheus Bound, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, Faust, etc. And the famous tragedians are also legion like Aeschylus, Sophocles, Shakespeare, etc –Thomas Hardy for one. He was a prolific and excellent writer, publishing fourteen novels and four volumes of short stories. His works were noted for the intense tragic spirit and sense of fortune, from which we can feel the atmosphere of tragedy brought by fortune deeply.

“Tess of the D’urbervilles” is one of the Hardy’s tragedies, a masterpiece which brought him into a number of literary critics notice. It reflected the writer’s real society and its social system and morals; therefore studying this novel can help us to know about the history of his age. But many papers showed that most of critics used to research the writing background from the tragedy of Tess. Many scholars have always put emphasis on the tragedy of Tess for a long time. Only a few scholars made researches for the tragedy of its hero Angel Clare. He was a contradictory unity –he was bold in struggling with the traditional view but in the meantime he could not break the shackles of feudal ideas. This paper will see the society from this perspective –Angel Clare, the hero’s tragedy and discuss the causes of Clare’s tragedy from his social background and psychology.

Chapter2 A brief account of Tess of The D’urbervilles

It seems that the fictional works do not concern with the real world. But we know that before the writers begin to create their works, it can be said that their social experience may be their primary material for creation. Some writers created the roles and environments in order to revolt against the worldly prejudice of their ages. These kinds of words are expected to tell people the truth of a society. In many cases, the social background of the novel is the writer’s background. Before analyzing the roots of Clare’s tragedy, this paper will discuss two aspects of this novel, namely “the writing background” and “the writer and his works” from which we can see the background of this novel.

The writing background

Thomas Hardy was the last important novelist of the Victoria ages. The Victorian age was an age of realism rather than of romanticism –a realism which strives to tell the whole truth showing moral and physical diseases as they are. Victorian literature, in general, truthfully represented the reality and spirit of this age which was the great age of the English novel—realistic, thickly plotted, crowded with characters, and long. Hardy, who also shown the truth of this age had a high place in Western literature which came from the agitation of life and fatalism of human being. His tragedies in the history of Western literature were no an accident for the tragedy consciousness. Hardy’s tragic novels has sprung from and developed this tragic idea in form and connotation. The tragedy consciousness in Hardy’s novels originated from Western traditional tragic spirit which was full of rationalism and profound reflection on the contradictions of human society. And it also revealed an ineluctable and inevitable cond

itionality of fate. That is to say, the heroes or heroines would slip into the tragic path of life in the end in Western literature no matter whether they liked or not, or where they hided. Tragedy was their final arrangement.

Thomas Hardy studied Greek tragedies and Shakespearean tragedies all his life. And he was deeply influenced by Schopenhauer’s tragedy consciousness. Schopenhauer was a famous philosopher who believed that life was a tragedy –life was filled with desire. If a person had a desire but could not gain his desires, he would feel painful; however, when he could gain his desires, he would become insipid. This was another torment. Schopenhauer grouped tragedy into three types: the tragedy caused by those who committed heinous crimes, the tragedy led by the irony of fate and the tragedy caused by misunderstanding and distrust between persons in everyday life. In his opinion, the last tragedy was the most terrible one which we can see in Hardy’s works. Hardy began to creating the novels in the early 1870s. In the late 1890s, he turned to write poetry. The Britain in this period was undergoing a transition period from laisser-faire capitalism to imperialism. The capitalism thought that the social system of this period

could not be changed. But Hardy’s works exactly clashed with it, which reflected the tremendous changes of society due to the invasion of industrial capital to the village. With one remark he had ripped away the mask of British society.

The writer Thomas Hardy and his work

Literature is reflection of life. Almost all writers created their novels according to his social background. We can see many literary works written on the basis of their ages. They wanted to bring out the social facts by their works. It should be such a free way that they could rebuke the dark society. People can feel the society of the writers from their works and then identified with the writers. The writers hoped that they could let the people know the dark aspects of the government and then fine an echo from them by their works. To some extent, a novel should be a history. From the introduction of Thomas Hardy and the main content of Tess of The D’urbervilles must be helpful to show us the background of Clare’s tragedy.

About the writer –Thomas Hardy

Thomas Hardy (1840~1928), born in 1840 near Dorchester, was a famous British poet and novelist. He carried forward and developed the literary traditions of the Victorian age. He vividly and truthfully described the tragic plots in his works. The critics of literature called him “Shakespeare of British novels”. Hardy was born into an architect’s family and was expected to become an architect. He trained as an architect and worked in London and Dorset for ten years. Hardy began his writing career as a novelist, publishing Desperate Remedies in 1871, and was soon successful enough to leave the field of architecture for writing.

Hardy was pessimistic in his view of life. The dominant theme of his novels is the futility of man’s effort to struggle against cruel and unintelligible fate, chance, and circumstances, which are all predestined by the Immanent Will. He bravely challenged many of the sexual and religious conventions of the Victorian age. And he exposed the hypocritical morals, laws and religions of capital. Hardy’s works reflected the tremendous changes and people’s miserable lives especially the women’s lives in social economic, politics, morals, custom, etc after the invasion of industrial capital to the British villages. Moreover, where we see Hardy's real mastery is the difference in the language of people from the social classes (. the Clare’s in contrast with the farm workers’). He was good at viewing life with a tragic light. “Tess of The D’urbervilles” was his masterpiece which was noted by lots of critics of different periods.

The main content of Tess of The D’urbervilles

Tess of The D’urbervilles came into conflict with Victorian morality. In this novel, Hardy reaches the height of his achievement as a novelist. Like most other Hardy novels, rural life is a prominent issue in the story. And the issue of fate versus freedom of action is another important aspect of this novel. It tells of that a village girl called Tess who was a beautiful, pure, plain, honest, assiduous and clever went through a miserable life. She was born in a poor family and lived in a peculiar society. The son of the D’urbervilles Alec raped her and she was pregnant. She fell in love with Angel Clare before long. Clare loved her very much and longed to marry her but she delayed to answer this offer of marriage just because she did not know how to tell the truth of being raped. Despite this, at last this kindhearted and sincere girl decided to tell him this bad thing. However, when Tess told him the truth that she was raped by a knave Alec, he could not forgive her for having another man’s child even tho

ugh she forgave him everything. Angel Clare became very angry and abandons Tess. One day she found Alec became a minister. After her father’s death unexpectedly, Tess had the burden of the family welfare on her shoulders, and they were shortly thereafter evicted from their cottage. She believes deep down that Angel had abandoned her, and Alec said it as well, and Tess knew her family would do well by Alec’s wealth and property. But to her surprised, Angel returns from Brazil, repenting his harshness, but found her living with Alec. Tess kills Alec in desperation, she was arrested and hanged. She makes him promise to marry her sister, Liza Lu, after her death, which he agrees to do.

In Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Thomas Hardy has directly satirized nature. This novel revealed the tragedy of common people’s destiny and flayed hypocritical gentlemen and morals. In this novel, Hardy demonstrated his deep sense of moral sympathy for England's lower classes, particularly for women. He succeeded in portraying an artistic image –a village girl with kindness, tenderness and amorousness. The novel, which indicated the tendency of anti-religious sentiments, against feudal morality and the laws of capitalists, was warmly received by the reading public though British upper class was bitter against it.

Chapter3 The origins of Angel Clare’s tragedy

Tragedy can also be a vision of life, which is shared by most Western cultures and having its roots. The essence of tragedy is almost the same thought different writers create the stories from different points of view and with different techniques. A number of critics had many kinds of interpretations for Angel Clare’s tragedy in Tess of The D’urbervilles. They analyzed his complicated character from different perspectives. This paper will explain his tragedy as the following aspects:

Social roots

Here social roots refer mainly to the social conventions and moral standards which led to Clare’s tragedy. Clare lived in such conditions which the masculine authority played an important role in traditional society. Angel Clare was one of the victims of this society. At that age, women were regarded as being subordinate in the household. The chastity for them is the most important thing. The traditional view on chastity considered a woman’s chastity as the prerogative of her husband. If the women lost her virtue, she must be immoral. On the one hand the male made the moral standards for the female, demanding of the female to be pure and virginal; on the other hand, the male indulged himself in sexual matters. They demanded that the most magnanimous act the female had should be chastity; nevertheless, those who broke the women’s chastity were the males themselves. That is to say, only the males in that society were right. The female could say nothing for his wrong. So Tess asking Clare “Forgive me as you a

英语专业论文提纲范文 第25篇

英语专业论文提纲

Ⅰ Title

From a New Woman to a Victim

Ⅱ Introduction

In China, the position of women becomes higher and higher, but discrimination and violence are existed all the same. There are a lot of women who have the same experience with Desdemona. The intention of this study is to tell the importance of women’s independence in this modern society.

My attention was first directed to introduce Desdemona and the good points of her character. This is because she is a new woman in the first two acts. Then I put much attention on analyzing the reasons of her change. Last I pointed out that women in modern society should learn from Desdemona and try to be independent. However , the independence is not mean to stand against her husband or her father, but it means to find her own position in the society and establish a positive outlook on life. Women should be independent not only from spirit, but also from finance.

Ⅲ Outline

1 Introduction

A brief introduction of Othello

A particular introduction of Desdemona as a new woman

2 The reasons of turning from a new woman to a victim

A description of women’s position in the 16th of England

The influence of patriarchy-centered culture

Desdemona’s own weakness of her character

3 The impact of Desdemona on women in modern society.

Social problems on women

The reasons why women should be independent

The new meaning of “independence”

What women should do if they want to be independent

From spirit

From finance

4 Conclusion

Ⅳ Theory Guidance

1 Feminism

2 Freudian psychology

Ⅴ Reference

英语专业论文提纲范文 第26篇

一、英语谚语的概述

.对谚语的一般定义,并概括英语谚语的基本特点(3—5条)

.结合谚语与语言的关系,简要论述英语谚语来源的一般性概述

这一部分大体写2000字。

二、西方的宗教传统与英语谚语的本源关联

对基督教的历史做一简单的概述,同时对《圣经》对基督教的核心意义与价值做一简单的说明

. 简述西方的宗教传统,或者基督教的历史

. 对基督教的基本信义做一简单的概述,从下述几个方面:

(1)对基督教的`只信仰一个唯一的上帝,不容许进行偶像崇拜;

英语专业论文提纲范文 第27篇

why should we write the thesis?

to write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.

by writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.

it is the reflection of a student’s study in college.

whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.

how long should we prepare for writing a thesis?one year or so

what do we need when we write a thesis?

firstly, for english major, most important of all, it is english knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.

secondly, the way of writing is also important.

a good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.

the language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:

wording: we prefer big word to small one;

sentence: long sentences are quite expectable.

how do we write a thesis? how many steps should we follow?

generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:

1. choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. for english major, we may apply:

2. choose a title/title a paper;

3. collect materials for reference in writing;

4. analyze the collected materials;

5. sort out the data and arguments;

6. list references;

7. make up an outline;

8. 1—3 drafts;

9. proofread;

10. the last version.

what subjects may we choose to write?

english and american literature

the practice and theory of translation

english language

english linguistics

english grammar

english phonetics

english lexicology

english rhetoric

language and culture

elt methodology

teaching english in middle school

english teaching research and survey

the history of… (all mentioned above)

英语专业论文提纲范文 第28篇

文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生,因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段,本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。

比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如 雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较 ),也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)

普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究,如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如 一般现在时及其交际功能 )。

应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题,也要避免过大范围的选题,而应对一个具体问题进行研究,最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有: 个性与英语教学 , 方言对英语学习的影响 等。

学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。

主体部分

主题部分包括引言(introduction)、正文(body)、结论(conclusion)、参考文献(bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。

引言:主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

结论:学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论,它是对正文部分的论述的概述,也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第29篇

工程造价论文大纲参考

根据工程造价专业教学计划的规定,在大三第三学期安排毕业论文,计10学分。毕业设计(论文)是完成高职培养目标及教学计划的重要环节,是培养学生独立分析问题和解决问题的重要过程。

一、指导思想

1、培养学生综合运用所学理论知识及专业技能,熟悉工程造价的各个环节及程序,分析并解决工作中所遇到的问题,能分析关于本专业发展的方向和未来的发展趋势,提出自己的见解。

2、培养学生严谨、求实、细致、耐心的工作态度。论文写作中应注意本专业所涉及的课程理论在实际中的应用。

3、培养学生综合分析思考的能力;查阅文献、资料及手册、搜集资料、调查研究,拟定工作流程并组织实施的能力;以及针现在的工程造价现状提出合理化建议的能力。要求在毕业论文指导教师的指导下完成自己的毕业论文任务,并参加毕业答辩。

二、毕业设计(论文)教学环节的内容

(一)选题

1、选题原则

(1)在充分注意满足教学要求和对学生技能训练的情况下尽可能结合实际选题。根据三个贴近的原则即贴近岗位、贴近实际、贴近任务来进行选题,保证通过毕业设计(论文)有效地释放个人潜能,将论文成果转化为生产力,做到理论和实际的结合。如,论文应针对工程造价的实际问题进行分析研究,采用充分的材料论证自己的观点,并应用专业理论对具体案例进行分析,提出可行的建议或对策。

(2)题目的.难易程度应适当,以使学生能在规定的时间内经过努力独立完成为宜。

(3)选题要及时,不能影响毕业设计(论文)工作。学生应在实习开始第5周,向专业主任(负责人)汇报毕业设计(论文)题目。

2、选题类型

(1)实际应用的造价方面专业知识。学生应积极选作这类题目,以便结合实践,并能应用于岗位实际。

(2)模拟题目。题目素材来源于真实的实习岗位实际,但按教学要求及毕业论文实际情况整理加工,使其在论文的难度、广度上符合教学大纲的要求。根据教学计划。题目难易程度不宜过重,也不宜过轻。

拓展知识:工程造价

工程造价的直意就是工程的建造价格。工程计价的三要素:量、价、费。广义上工程造价涵盖建设工程造价(土建专业和安装专业),公路工程造价,水运工程造价、铁路工程造价,水利工程造价,电力工程造价,通信工程造价,航空航天工程造价等。工程造价是指进行某项工程建设所花费的全部费用,其核心内容是投资估算、设计概算、修正概算、施工图预算、工程结算、竣工决算等等。工程造价的主要任务:根据图纸、定额以及清单规范,计算出工程中所包含的直接费(人工、材料及设备、施工机具使用)、企业管理费、措施费、规费、利润及税金等等。从事工程造价的工作人员主要涉及到的能力应包括:熟悉各专业工程技术规范、造价定额及有关建设管理制度,熟悉各专业工程的计量规则,具有较强的工程量计算能力,能编制项目各阶段造价文件(投资估算、设计概算、修正概算、施工图预算、招标控制价(工程量清单预算)、投标报价、工程结算、竣工决算),熟练应用造价软件,有一定的资料管理能力等。

英语专业论文提纲范文 第30篇

论文大纲怎么写

最近微信中有同学询问,毕业论文中的`大纲要怎么写,下面我们就来看看吧!

论文大纲怎么写

1.论文的大纲就是论文精髓。

2.写大纲之前 要知道你所研究的是什么、你的观点是什么、相关理论有哪些、你的研究方法是什么、结论是什么?

3.怎么表达自己的观点才能让人一眼就看明白?

4.学校的论文规范中对大纲有确切要求,你可以看看,对你有帮助。

了解以上几点之后,我们来看如何写大纲,如下图:

下面举个例子,大家看下,如下图:

英语专业论文提纲范文 第31篇

一、英语谚语的概述

.对谚语的一般定义,并概括英语谚语的基本特点(3—5条)

.结合谚语与语言的关系,简要论述英语谚语来源的一般性概述

这一部分大体写字。

二、西方的宗教传统与英语谚语的本源关联

对基督教的历史做一简单的概述,同时对《圣经》对基督教的核心意义与价值做一简单的说明

. 简述西方的宗教传统,或者基督教的历史

. 对基督教的基本信义做一简单的概述,从下述几个方面:

(1)对基督教的只信仰一个唯一的上帝,不容许进行偶像崇拜;

英语专业论文提纲范文 第32篇

在当今的信息社会,随着信息的不断增长和学籍对信息的要求,信息管理技术随之出现。本论文就是以java为前台和SQL server为后台等软件作为开发工具,以学校学籍管理为对象,开发一个从某种程度上能满足与学籍信息管理的要求的“学籍管理信息系统”。

本系统具有数据管理功能。使用该系统,可以方便地进行学籍信息管理,人员信息管理,成绩信息管理以及相关维护信息,方便学籍管理人员对本校学生的学籍信息有个比较全面的认识,也方便他们的管理和学籍调动,可辅助学校领导决策科学化,从而大大减少了工作量,提高了工作效率。下面详细讨论了该系统的开发、设计环境、实现算法及其具体的实现。

关键字:

Abstract

In todays information society, with the continuous growth of information and information on the schools request, the resulting information management technology. This paper is based on java for SQL server2000 for the front and back, and other software as a development tool to target schools, school management, developing a certain extent be able to meet with the student information management requirements of the school of management information systems. The system has a data management function.

The use of the system can be easily student information management, information management, performance management, and information related to the maintenance of information to facilitate the management of our school students have a student information in a more comprehensive understanding, and facilitate their management and mobilization of school, Supplement the school leadership and scientific decision-making, thereby greatly reducing the workload and improved efficiency.

The following are discussed in detail the systems development, design, algorithm and its implementation.

Keyword: MIS student information management information inquiries Editor

摘要1

ABSTRACT 1

目录3

第一章 绪论 5

课题背景 5

需求分析 5

可行性分析 6

系统开发环境及运行环境 6

开发工具简介 7

第二章 系统总体设计 8

系统功能结构图 8

系统流程图 8

系统数据库关系图 9

第三章 系统详细设计 10

登录界面设计 10

学生主窗口设计 16

子窗体设计 19

成绩查寻 22

帮助 24

教师主窗口 24

增加学生模块 25

成绩录入 28

课程管理 29

工具模块 30

第四章 软件使用说明书 33

JDK安装与配置 33

SQL SERVER 2000个人版安装配置 34

运行程序 36

登录用户及密码 36

增加人员密码 37

第五章 结 论 38

参考文献 39

致谢语 40

论文格式:

英语专业论文提纲范文 第33篇

商务英语专业毕业论文提纲

1、培养学生的英语阅读、写作能力及运用商务知识分析问题和解决问题的能力,达到学以致用的目的。

2、检查学生对所学专业理论知识和基本技能的掌握程度,并将论文成绩作为学生能否毕业的主要依据之一。

3、训练学生搜集运用资料的技能,同时培养学生理论联系实际,增强独立思考问题和解决问题的能力。

论文写作要求:

1、以英文/汉语完成论文写作。

2、字数要求不低于3000个单词或字, 统一采用A4(210x297mm)页面复印纸单面打印.其中上边距,下面距,左边距,右边距,页眉页脚装订线.字间距为标准,行间距为倍行距.页眉内统一为:用5号宋体

1) 科学性:观点正确,论据充分可靠,结构合理,能反映出学生对本学科知识系统掌握的程度及其某一问题有较深理解很认识

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